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Montana Silver Mining
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Montana silver mining was a major industry in the 1800s following discovery of numerous silver deposits. Between 1883 and 1891 Montana was second every year to Colorado in silver production, except for 1887 when Montana was number one, producing approximately $15.5 million worth of silver.〔Robert A. Chadwick, "Montana’s Silver Mining Era: Great Boom and Great Bust," p. 25〕 Major mining districts in Montana included Butte, which was home to many important mines such as the Lexington, Alice, and Moulton mines, and Philipsburg, which housed the Granite Mountain and Bimetallic mines. Other influential, but significantly smaller mines, operated at Helena and the Castle Mountains. The rapid raise and fall of these mines were due to largely geological and economic factors that created favorable conditions for a silver mining boom and subsequent bust. Montana continued to produce considerable silver through most of the 1900s, as a byproduct of copper production at Butte.
==Butte==
Montana's leading silver district was Butte, which produced 716 million troy ounces of silver from 1880 through 2005.〔Steve J. Czehura, "Butte: a world-class deposit," ''Mining Engineering'', Sept. 2006, p.14-19.〕 Butte began as a placer gold-mining district in 1864. In 1874, the gold placers were largely exhausted, and Butte was becoming a ghost town, when silver ore was discovered, starting a rush to the district. In 1883, the first rich copper vein was discovered, and copper mining at Butte proved to be much more profitable than silver mining. Also in 1883, the Northern Pacific Railroad laid tracks into Butte, greatly aiding the economics of mining on a large scale.〔Works Progress Administration, Copper Camp (New York, Hastings, 1943) 285-287.〕 Butte quickly became one of the world's leading copper districts, and made most of its silver as a byproduct of copper mining. Mining halted at Butte in 1983, but in 1986, Montana Resources LLP reopened the Continental open pit just east of Butte, and so silver continues to be produced at Butte, as a byproduct.
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